Macular oedema

Recommendations for cystoid macular oedema are listed in a separate pathway within the Inflammatory eye conditions section.

Treatment of diabetic macular oedema

Aflibercept or faricimab are the preferred treatment options in DMO eyes with baseline BCVA below 69 letters. For baseline BCVA 69-75 letters ranibizumab is first-choice.


Ranibizumab
Ranibizumab 2.3mg/0.23ml solution for injection vials

Specialist advice.

Aflibercept
Eylea 4mg/100microlitres solution for injection vials

Specialist advice.

Eylea 3.6mg/90microlitres solution for injection pre-filled syringes

Specialist advice.

Eylea 21mg/184microlitres solution for injection pre-filled syringes

Specialist advice.

Eylea 30.1mg/263microlitres solution for injection vials

Specialist advice.

Faricimab
Vabysmo 28.8mg/0.24ml solution for injection vials

Specialist advice.

Brolucizumab
Beovu 19.8mg/0.165ml solution for injection pre-filled syringes

Specialist advice.

See prescribing notes for details of approved patient groups for use of Ozurdex and Iluvien.


Dexamethasone
Ozurdex 700microgram intravitreal implant in applicator

Specialist advice.

Fluocinolone acetonide
ILUVIEN 190microgram intravitreal implant in applicator

Specialist advice.

Prescribing Notes:

  • Vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors (ranibizumab, aflibercept, brolocizumab and faricimab) are included on the formulary for Treatment of visual impairment due to diabetic macular oedema (DMO) in adults, restricted to treatment of visual impairment due to DMO in adults with best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) 75 Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) letters or less at baseline. Vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors are only to be administered by specailists experienced in the management of diabetic macular oedema. 
  • Use the vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor of the lowest acquisition cost taking account of administration and monitoring costs. 
  • A brolucizumab MHRA drug safety update highlighted a risk of intraocular inflammation and retinal vascular occlusion which increases with short dosing intervals. Maintenance doses of brolucizumab (after the first 3 doses) should not be given at intervals of less than 8 weeks apart. 
  • Ozurdex is approved for treatment of adult patients with visual impairment due to diabetic macular oedema who are pseudophakic or who are considered insufficiently responsive to, or unsuitable for non-corticosteroid therapy. 
  • Iluvien is approved for treatment of vision impairment associated with chronic diabetic macular oedema, considered insufficiently responsive to available therapies. Restricted to use only in patients in whom the affected eye is pseudophakic (has an artificial lens after cataract surgery) and; retreatment would take place only if the patient had previously responded to treatment with fluocinolone acetonide and subsequently best corrected visual acuity had deteriorated to less than 20/32.

History Notes

27/02/2025

Update to prescribing information, ERFC Feb 25.

23/11/2023

Pathway updates including addition of Faricimab SMC2499, ERWG Jul 23.

08/02/2023

Addition of Eylea solution for injection pre-filled syringes, ERWG Jan 23.

15/06/2022

East Region Formulary content agreed.

Treatment of macular oedema secondary to retinal vein occlusion
Ranibizumab
Ranibizumab 2.3mg/0.23ml solution for injection vials

Specialist advice.

Aflibercept
Eylea 4mg/100microlitres solution for injection vials

Specialist advice.

Eylea 3.6mg/90microlitres solution for injection pre-filled syringes

Specialist advice.

Dexamethasone
Ozurdex 700microgram intravitreal implant in applicator

Specialist advice.

Prescribing Notes:

  • Ranibizumab is included on the formulary for the treatment of visual impairment due to macular oedema (MO) secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO) in adults.  
  • Aflibercept is included on the formulary for the treatment of visual impairment due to macular oedema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion. 
  • Vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors (ranibizumab and aflibercept) are only to be administered by specialists experienced in the management of macular oedema.
  • Ozurdex is approved for treatment of adult patients with macular oedema following either branch retinal vein occlusion or central retinal vein occlusion. Restricted to use in adult patients with macular oedema (i) following central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and (ii) in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) who are not clinically suitable for laser treatment including patients with dense macular haemorrhage or patients who have received and failed on previous laser treatment. 

History Notes

23/11/2023

Pathway updates, ERWG Jul 23.

08/02/2023

Addition of Eylea solution for injection pre-filled syringes, ERWG Jan 23.

15/06/2022

East Region Formulary content agreed.